Rise of Hitler
Born Austria
Joined German army WWI -
medals for bravery
Joined German Worker’s
Party 1919
Name of party changed to NAZI
party 1920
Hitler leader of Nazi Party
1921
SA formed 1921- also known
as the Stormtroopers.
Munich Putsch 1923 - total
failure - Hitler arrested - jailed
Lansberg jail - Mein
Kampf written and published.
Main ideas were:
-
Aryan master-race
-
State before the
individual
-
Aggressive Nationalism
- need for lebensraum
-
Need to destroy
Communism
-
Jews the cause of all
German problems
Released from jail 1924 -
Nazi party small and disorganised. But important change had occured. Hitler
decided to use the political system to achieve power.
1928 Election - 12 seats -
2.6% of vote
1929 Wall Street Crash -
economic collapse. German unemployment rose to nearly 6 million. 5 major
Banks collapsed. 20,000 businesses failed.
1930 Election - 107 seats -
second largest party. Communist party also gained support. People were
moving to support the Parties of the extreme left or extreme Right.
1932 Election - 230 seats -
largest party - 37%+ of popular Vote
1933 Chancellor of
Germany
1934 Dictator of
Germany
RISE TO POWER - REASONS FOR INCREASED POPULARITY
Nazi Party - very
insignificant support in early 1920’s
Leader of party and others
jailed in 1923-24
9 years later - leader of
Germany - largest party - HOW and WHY????
Hatred of Versailles
Treaty - associated with democracy of the new Republic
Political instability
of Weimar Republic - PR SYSTEMS - COALITIONS
Promise of law and order
and decisive leadership
Massive economic
problems - economic collapse undermines Weimar further
Effective use of propaganda
- message tailored for different groups
Fear of Communism -
led to support from influential groups
Appeal of ideas to all
social classes
Use of Intimidation and
violence - especially the SA
A well organised
party-machine
Charismatic appeal
of Hitler - skilled orator - mass rallies
Promise of all
things the Weimar Republic had failed to deliver:
Jobs
Security and prosperity
Land
Restore German pride
Miscalculation of
influential people:
Bankers, Military leaders,
Right wing politicians
All believed Hitler “could
be tamed”
All
agreed to make him Chancellor in a Coalition Government
Appointed
Chancellor by President Hindenberg January 1933
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